ใฏใใใพใใฆใใใใใฎ ใชใพใใฏ ็ฐไธญ ใใใใงใใ
ใใใใฏ ใใใใใงใใใพใใซใก ใใฃใใใซ ใใใพใใ
ใใฃใใใฏ ไนใใซ ใฏใใพใใพใใ
ใใใใฏ ใซใปใใใจ ใใใใ ในใใใใใใพใใ
ใใใช ใในใใฎใฏ ใใใงใใใพใใใ ใ ็ซๆๆฅใซ ใใใ ใในใพใใ
Nice to meet you. My name is Kenji Tanaka.
I am a student. I go to school every day.
School starts at 9 o'clock.
I study Japanese and English.
My favourite food is sushi. I eat sushi every Tuesday.
Comprehension questions
ใใฎใใใใใใฏ ใจใใ ใกใจ ใพใกใธ ใใใพใใใ
ใงใใใใง ใใใพใใใใใใใ ใใใใฆ ไบใตใใงใใ
ใพใใใใใใ ใฟใใง ใตใใ ใใใพใใใ
ใใใใใใซใใงใง ใณใผใใผใ ไธใฐใ ใฎใฟใพใใใ
ใใใฏ ใฌในใใฉใณใง ใฐใใใฏใใ ใในใพใใใใจใฆใ ใใใใใฃใใงใใ
Yesterday, I went to town with a friend.
We went by train. It is a 5-minute walk from the station.
First, I bought some clothes at a large shop.
After that, I drank three cups of coffee at a cafรฉ.
In the evening, I ate dinner at a restaurant. It was very delicious.
Comprehension questions
ใจใใใใ ใฎ ใใใใ
ใปใพใใซใก ไนใใใ ๅ ญใใพใง ใใใฆใใพใใ
ใปใฉใใใณใจ ใซใกใใใณใฏ ไบใใซ ใใพใใพใใ
ใปใปใใฏ ไธใใค ใพใง ใใใใใพใใ
ใปใใใ ใปใใฏ ไบใใ ใใใใง ใใใใฆใใ ใใใ
Comprehension questions
ใใใใ ใใฎ ใฉใใใณใซ ใใใใฏ ใใใใจ ใใใใใธ ใใใพใใ
ใใใใใฏ ใใใใ ใงใใใใง ๅใทใใงใใ
ใใใใใง ใในใใจใใ ใในใพใใใใใใใใ ใคใใใพใใ
ใใใฏ ใใใใใฎ ใกใใใฎ ใฟใใง ใขใคในใฏใชใผใ ใ ใใใพใใ
ใซใกใใใณใฏ ใใกใง ใใฌใใ ใฟใพใใใฏใใ ใญใพใใ
Library Notice
The library is open every day from 9:00 to 6:00.
On Saturdays and Sundays, it closes at 5:00.
You can borrow up to 3 books.
Please return borrowed books within 2 weeks.
Comprehension questions
From: ใใพใ ใใใ
ใใจใใใใใใใซใกใฏใ
ใใใใ ใใฎ ้ๆๆฅใซ ใใฃใใใซ ใใใใ ใฟใพใใใใ
ใใใใใใฏ ใใใฎ ใพใใซ ใใใพใใ
ใใใใฏ ๅ ญใใซ ใฏใใพใใพใใ
ใใใใฎ ใพใใซใใซใใงใง ใณใผใใผใ ใฎใฟใพใใใใ
ใฉใใ ใใใใ ใใญใใใใพใใ
This Saturday I will go to the park with my family.
The park is a 10-minute train journey from home.
We will eat a packed lunch in the park. My mother will make it.
In the afternoon, we will buy ice cream at a shop near the park.
On Sunday I will watch TV at home. I will go to bed early.
Comprehension questions
ใใชใใใใธ
ใใใใใงใใใใใใใฏ ใใพ ใชใผในใใฉใชใขใซ ใใใงใใพใใ
ใพใใซใก ใใฟใง ใใใใงใใพใใใฆใใใฏ ใจใฆใ ใใคใใฆใใพใใซใก ไธๅใฉใใใใ ใใใพใใ
ใใใจใฏ ใใใใใใงใใใใฉใใใใใฏ ใใใใคใงใใ
ใใใญใใฎ ใฏใใซ ใซใปใใซ ใใใใพใใใใฎใจใ ใใฒ ใใใพใใใใ
ใงใฏใใใใใ ใซ ใใใคใใฆใใใใใพใใจ ใใใ ใใ
To Mr/Ms Sato, hello.
Would you like to go and see a film together next Friday?
The cinema is in front of the station.
The film starts at 6 o'clock.
Before the film, let's have coffee at a cafรฉ.
Thank you very much.
Comprehension questions
ใใใใฌในใใฉใณ โ ใฉใณใใกใใฅใผ
| ใใใใ | ใญใ ใ |
|---|---|
| ใฉใผใกใณ | ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผใใ |
| ใซใฌใผใฉใคใน | ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผใใ |
| ใใใฎใฆใใใใ | ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผใใ |
| ใใใใใใ | ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผใใ |
ใปใฉใณใใฟใคใ ใฏ ๅไธใใใ ไบใใพใงใงใใ
ใปใใชใณใฏใฏ ใใฉใน ็พไบๅใใใงใใ
ใปใใกใใใใฏ ใงใใพใใใ
Dear Tanaka,
How are you? I am living in Australia now.
I swim in the sea every day. The weather is very hot โ over 30 degrees every day.
Work is difficult, but my colleagues are kind.
I will return to Japan next spring. Let's meet then.
Take care of yourself. From Kenta Yamamoto.
Comprehension questions
ใใใใฎ ใใกใซใกใ ใใใใใใใพใใ
ใพใใใ ๅ ญใใฏใใซ ใใใพใใใทใฃใฏใผใ ใใณใฆใใใใใฏใใ ใในใพใใ
ไธใ ๅๅไบใตใใซ ใใกใ ใงใพใใใงใใใใง ใใใใใซ ใใใพใใ
ใใใจใฏ ไนใใใ ๅ ญใใพใงใงใใใฒใใใใฟใซ ใจใใ ใกใจ ใฒใใใฏใใ ใในใพใใ
ใใใฏ ใใกใง ใใฌใใ ใฟใใใใปใใ ใใใ ใ ใใพใใๅไธใใใ ใญใพใใ
Sakura Restaurant โ Lunch Menu
Ramen: ยฅ800
Curry and rice: ยฅ750
Grilled salmon set meal: ยฅ1,200
Stir-fried vegetables: ยฅ650
Lunch time is from 11:00 to 14:00.
Drinks are an additional ยฅ150.
Takeaway is not available.
Comprehension questions
ใขใใผใใฎ ใใใใ
ใปใดใใฏ ใใใใณใจ ใใใใใณใฎ ใใ ๅ ซใใพใงใซ ใ ใใฆใใ ใใใ
ใปใใฆใใใใฏ ใใฆใใฎ ใฐใใใซ ใจใใฆใใ ใใใ
ใปใใ ๅใ ใใใใฏ ใใใใ ใใใง ใฏใชใใชใใงใใ ใใใ
ใปใใใ ใใ ใใใจใใฏ ใใใใซใใซ ใใใใใใฆใใ ใใใ
ใใงใใ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผใใใ ไนใใใใ ๅ ญใ๏ผ
Let me introduce my day.
I wake up at 6:30 every morning. I shower and have breakfast.
I leave the house at 7:45. I go to the office by train.
Work is from 9:00 to 18:00. I eat lunch with a friend during the lunch break.
In the evenings, I watch TV and read books at home. I go to sleep at around 11:00.
Comprehension questions
ใซใปใใซใฏ ๅใคใฎ ใใใคใ ใใใพใใใฏใใใชใคใใใใใใใฆ ใตใใงใใ
ใฏใใฏ ไธๆใใ ไบๆใใใงใใใใใใ ใใใฆใใจใฆใ ใใใใงใใ
ใชใคใฏ ใใคใใฆ ใใใใคใ ใงใใใใใใใใใฏ ๅ ซๆใซ ใชใคใใใฟใ ใใใพใใ
ใใใฏ ใใใใใฆใใใใใใ ใใใใงใใใในใใฎใ ใใใใ ใใใคใงใใ
ใตใใฏ ใใใใฆใใปใฃใใใฉใใงใฏ ใใใใ ใใใ ใตใใพใใ
Apartment Notice
Please put out your rubbish by 8:00 on Tuesdays and Fridays.
Please park bicycles in the designated area.
Please do not talk loudly after 10:00 at night.
If there is a problem, please contact the building manager.
Phone: 03-1234-5678 (9amโ6pm)
Comprehension questions
ใใใใฎ ใใ ใฟใฏ ใใใใใงใใใพใใใ ใ ๅๆๆฅใซ ใใใใใ ใใใใใ ใคใใใพใใ
ใใใใ ใใฏ ใซใปใใใใใใ ใคใใใพใใใใใใจ ใฟใใใใ ใคใใใพใใใใใใใใใใฃใใงใใ
ใใใใใฎ ใปใใ ไธใใค ใใฃใฆใใพใใใคใณใฟใผใใใใงใ ใฌใทใใ ใใในใพใใ
ใใคใ ใซใปใใซ ใใฃใฆใใใใใใใใใใคใซ ใใใใใใงใใ
Japan has four seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and winter.
Spring is from around March to May. Cherry blossoms bloom and it is very beautiful.
Summer is hot and humid. Office workers have a summer holiday in August.
Autumn is cool and the autumn leaves are beautiful. It is also a season with delicious food.
Winter is cold, and in Hokkaido it snows a lot.
Comprehension questions
ในใใผใใปใณใฟใผ ใใใใใใชใ
ใปใใใใใใ๏ผใใใ ไนใใใใ ไนใ
ใปใฆใใใ ใใณ๏ผๆๆๆฅ
ใปใใใใใใ๏ผใใจใช ไบ็พใใใใใฉใ ไบ็พใใ
ใปใใผใซใฏ ในใคใใใใใ๏ผใใฉใน ไธ็พใใ
ใปใฏใใใฆใฎ ใใใฏ ใใใใใจใใใใ ใฒใคใใใงใใ
Sports Centre โ Visitor Information
Opening hours: 9am โ 9pm
Closed on: Mondays
Entry fee: Adults ยฅ500, Children ยฅ200
Pool is an additional charge: +ยฅ300
First-time visitors must register for membership.
My hobby is cooking. I make a new dish every Saturday.
Last week I made Japanese food. I made sushi and miso soup, but it was difficult.
I have three recipe books. I also look up recipes on the internet.
One day I would like to go to Japan and attend a cooking class.
Comprehension questions
e.g.
ใยทใยทใยทใยทใ โ dictionary form ends in ใ, negative stem uses ใ, polite stem uses ใ, te-form uses ใ+ใฆExample verbs (click to hear)
Full conjugation โ ใฎใ (to drink)
| Form | Japanese | Romaji | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | ใฎใ | nomu | drink (plain) |
| Polite present | ใฎใฟใพใ | nomimasu | drink (polite) |
| Polite negative | ใฎใฟใพใใ | nomimasen | don't drink |
| Polite past | ใฎใฟใพใใ | nomimashita | drank |
| Past negative | ใฎใฟใพใใใงใใ | nomimasen deshita | didn't drink |
| Te-form | ใฎใใง | nonde | drinking / please drink |
| Negative plain | ใฎใพใชใ | nomanai | don't drink (casual) |
| Volitional | ใฎใใ | nomou | let's drink |
| Want to | ใฎใฟใใใงใ | nomitai desu | want to drink |
| Ongoing | ใฎใใงใใพใ | nonde imasu | am drinking |
Conjugation โ ใใ (to go) ยท note irregular te-form
| Form | Japanese | Romaji | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | ใใ | iku | go (plain) |
| Polite present | ใใใพใ | ikimasu | go (polite) |
| Polite negative | ใใใพใใ | ikimasen | don't go |
| Polite past | ใใใพใใ | ikimashita | went |
| Te-form | ใใฃใฆ โ | itte | irregular! (not ใใใฆ) |
| Want to | ใใใใใงใ | ikitai desu | want to go |
| Volitional | ใใใ | ikou | let's go |
ใ and add the ending directly.ใในใ โ stem
ใใน โ ใในใพใ ยท ใในใพใใ ยท ใในใฆ ยท ใในใชใโ Tricky: Some verbs ending in ใ are actually Group 1 (e.g. ใใใยทใฏใใยทใฏใใ). Check the dictionary!
Example verbs
Full conjugation โ ใในใ (to eat)
| Form | Japanese | Romaji | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | ใในใ | taberu | eat (plain) |
| Polite present | ใในใพใ | tabemasu | eat (polite) |
| Polite negative | ใในใพใใ | tabemasen | don't eat |
| Polite past | ใในใพใใ | tabemashita | ate |
| Past negative | ใในใพใใใงใใ | tabemasen deshita | didn't eat |
| Te-form | ใในใฆ | tabete | eating / please eat |
| Negative plain | ใในใชใ | tabenai | don't eat (casual) |
| Volitional | ใในใใ | tabeyou | let's eat |
| Want to | ใในใใใงใ | tabetai desu | want to eat |
| Ongoing | ใในใฆใใพใ | tabete imasu | am eating |
| Please do | ใในใฆใใ ใใ | tabete kudasai | please eat |
| Please don't | ใในใชใใงใใ ใใ | tabenaide kudasai | please don't eat |
Conjugation โ ใใ (to do)
| Form | Japanese | Romaji | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | ใใ | suru | do (plain) |
| Polite present | ใใพใ | shimasu | do (polite) |
| Polite negative | ใใพใใ | shimasen | don't do |
| Polite past | ใใพใใ | shimashita | did |
| Past negative | ใใพใใใงใใ | shimasen deshita | didn't do |
| Te-form | ใใฆ | shite | doing / please do |
| Negative plain | ใใชใ | shinai | don't do (casual) |
| Volitional | ใใใ | shiyou | let's do |
| Want to | ใใใใงใ | shitai desu | want to do |
| Ongoing | ใใฆใใพใ | shite imasu | am doing |
Conjugation โ ใใ (to come)
| Form | Japanese | Romaji | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | ใใ | kuru | come (plain) |
| Polite present | ใใพใ | kimasu | come (polite) |
| Polite negative | ใใพใใ | kimasen | don't come |
| Polite past | ใใพใใ | kimashita | came |
| Past negative | ใใพใใใงใใ | kimasen deshita | didn't come |
| Te-form | ใใฆ | kite | coming / please come |
| Negative plain | ใใชใ | konai | don't come (casual) |
| Volitional | ใใใ | koyou | let's come |
| Want to | ใใใใงใ | kitai desu | want to come |
Common ใใ compounds
ใใน
Group 3 (irregular): memorise these two
ใใ โ ใใฆ | ใใ โ ใใฆ
Group 1 (godan) โ 5 rules based on the final syllable:
| Ends in | Te-form change | Example | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| ใ | ใ โ ใใฆ | ใใ (write) | ใใใฆ |
| ใ | ใ โ ใใง | ใใใ (swim) | ใใใใง |
| ใ | ใ โ ใใฆ | ใฏใชใ (speak) | ใฏใชใใฆ |
| ใค ยท ใ ยท ใ | โ ใฃใฆ | ใพใค (wait) | ใพใฃใฆ |
| ใฌ ยท ใถ ยท ใ | โ ใใง | ใฎใ (drink) | ใฎใใง |
| ใใ (exception) | โ ใใฃใฆ โ | ใใ (go) | ใใฃใฆ |
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